The thyroid, a small butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck, plays a critical role in regulating metabolism through hormone production. Thyroid cancer occurs when cells in the thyroid gland mutate and begin to grow uncontrollably. This can lead to the formation of nodules or lumps in the thyroid. However, not all thyroid nodules are malignant (cancerous).
While the exact causes of thyroid cancer are not entirely understood, factors such as genetic predispositions, exposure to radiation, and certain lifestyle factors can increase risk. Compared to other cancers, thyroid cancer is relatively rare, but can affect anyone, with varying degrees of severity depending on the type.
Types of Thyroid Cancer
Thyroid cancer is categorized into four main types, each with unique features:
Papillary Thyroid Cancer
This is the most common type, accounting for approximately 80% of all thyroid cancer cases. Papillary thyroid cancer typically grows slowly and is highly treatable, especially when caught early.
Follicular Thyroid Cancer
Follicular thyroid cancer makes up about 10-15% of thyroid cancer cases. It tends to be more aggressive than papillary cancer and can spread to other parts of the body, such as the lungs and bones.
Medullary Thyroid Cancer
Medullary thyroid cancer originates from the parafollicular cells (C cells) of the thyroid and accounts for around 2-4% of thyroid cancers. This type often spreads to other parts of the body early on in the course of the disease. can be sporadic or hereditary, sometimes linked to genetic mutations.
Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
Anaplastic thyroid cancer is the rarest and most aggressive form, constituting about 1-2% of cases. It grows rapidly and is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, making treatment more difficult.
Signs and Symptoms
The majority of thyroid cancer cases are asymptomatic. When signs and symptoms do occur, they typically include:
- A lump in the neck
- Trouble swallowing or breathing
- Hoarseness or voice changes
- Persistent cough not related to a cold
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosing thyroid cancer typically involves a combination of physical exams, imaging tests, and biopsies. Treatment options vary depending on the type and stage of cancer and can include surgery, radioactive iodine therapy, thyroid hormone therapy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.
Thyroid Cancer Awareness Month
September marks Thyroid Cancer Awareness Month, a time dedicated to raising awareness about this disease, promoting early detection, and supporting those affected by thyroid cancer. Though relatively rare compared to other cancers, thyroid cancer has been on the rise globally in recent years. For this reason, we at ThyForLife Health are committed to lending our voice to the cause of awareness creation. By doing so, we aim to encourage more people to get screened and seek medical advice if they notice any unusual symptoms.
ThyForLife Health also offers an anonymous global community supporting all thyroid conditions, including all types of thyroid cancer. Currently, the community is available only in the English language. To join this community, download the ThyForLife app on the Apple App Store or Google PlayStore.
There are also other organizations dedicated to supporting those affected by thyroid cancer, providing resources, advocacy, and funding for research. Some well-known organizations include:
- Thyroid Cancer Survivors’ Association, Inc. (ThyCa): A nonprofit organization that offers support, education, and resources for thyroid cancer survivors and their families.
- American Thyroid Association (ATA): A leading organization in thyroid health, promoting research, education, and awareness about thyroid diseases and cancers.
- British Thyroid Foundation (BTF): An organization providing information and support to those affected by thyroid disorders and promoting research and education.
Key takeaways
- Ashwagandha shows promise as a natural supplement for supporting thyroid health, particularly for individuals with subclinical hypothyroidism and stress-related thyroid dysfunctions.
- Its adaptogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties contribute to its potential benefits.
- It’s essential to approach its use with caution, considering possible side effects and interactions with other medications.
- Ashwagandha can be combined with other herbs like rhodiola, guggul, or bacopa for additional thyroid support.
- Individuals considering ashwagandha for thyroid health should consult with a healthcare provider to ensure it is appropriate for their specific condition and circumstances.
- More extensive and long-term studies are needed to fully understand its efficacy and safety.
